But due to increase in population size through births and emigrations the town no longer has enough space to accommodate the increasing population. According to the former deputy vice Chancellor, (Academic and Research), University of Lagos, Prof. Babajide Alo, land reclamation without due Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) could lead to serious environmental degradation. The procedure attempts to convert unused land into useable land and contributes to the expansion of the land area, the creation of habitat for [] To date our community has made over 100 million downloads. Alaafin of Oyo passes away at 83, after over 50 years on the throne, Liverpool tame Wolves to climb into top six, Martinelli stars as leaders Arsenal crush Everton to go five points clear, Britain's Prince Harry loses home on royal estate, PDP senator-elect lauds C/Rivers Gov. Map of Niger Delta Nigeria (circled) bordering the Atlantic Ocean has the biggest mangrove forests in Africa. It could also lead to fish kills and smothering of aquatic organisms. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. On the Eko Atlantic project, the Managing Director of South Energyx Ltd., David Frame said that the project has been fortified with a wall known as The Great Wall of Lagos, adding that the wall has the capability to ward off flood storms in hundreds/thousand years. The conversion of a coastal environment to a terrestrial environment is absolute and cannot be reversed. Land reclamation has been a common practice to produce valuable land in coastal areas. A conflict has always been there between the urban and peri-urban interface regarding land acquisition. mangrove wetlands. Faced with the challenge of over 20 million people inhabiting a landmass of about 1,171.28 square kilometres, land reclamation has become a norm in Lagos to mitigate its pressing need for housing. The problem is that mangroves provide numerous ecosystem services to the local people while the palms provide no ecosystem service to the people. sea-side resort, roads, houses, light poles and shopping malls. Government budget refers to an annual financial statement that denotes its anticipated expenditure and expected revenue generation in a fiscal year. Regrettably, the space of public opinion can be overtly toxic to the point that cynics, mischief-makers and political opportunist ride overboard. Write CSS OR LESS and hit save. I am saying this because I know several businessmen and a diplomat from Nigeria who were scammed. Jakarta, the fastest sinking city in the world, made a plan in 2014 to tackle rising sea levels and subsidence. Furthermore, census of species found in the area was made at the three study sites. Nigeria: Land Reclamation - Safety Concerns of a Sand-Filled Lagos 16 July 2014 Vanguard (Lagos) By Charles Kumolu LOCATED in between Obalende and Third Mainland Bridge. Advertisement The tender for the. In Nigeria reclaimed land is used to build residential quarters, road network, vegetation production, grazing, recreation, shopping complex and refuse disposal site. These areas are naturally covered with water during high tides, but are filled with soil and consolidated to prevent tidal flooding during high tide. Land in the Niger Delta area is in large demand because of traditional and cultural beliefs attached to the possession of land [1]. Like other Atlantic Cities in some parts of the world, Eko Atlantic is constructed to be a citadel of infrastructural development because it is designed to create over 250,000 new jobs and address housing deficit. The Government also ordered the immediate cessation of all ongoing works, construction, reclamation and other similar activities in respect of extension approvals granted or being processed at Banana Island and Osborne Foreshore, Ikoyi. Land policy in Nigeria is influenced by government and culture. Ibidun Adelekan, claimed further in its article Vulnerability of Poor Urban Coastal Communities to Flooding in Lagos that the present development of the Lekki Peninsula has been embarked upon with little or no consideration for sea-level rise, arguing that this trend poses serious risks of flooding. Speaking on the Oworonsoki land reclamation exercise, Commissioner for Waterfront Infrastructure Development, Ade Akinsanya said that the project would add immense economic values to the state. Land reclamation impact the coastal environment in several ways (Table 1). Presence of sediments leads to the gradual formation of terrestrial areas, which becomes the habitat for plants. Some of the biggest cities in Nigeria are looked at below. Decrease in water level affect intertidal level especially when areas along the shore receive no water supply and become dry. This system is usually used when the sea bed is shallow. The proposed reclamation in Penang island is reflective of a market-driven redevelopment - a common global trend which aims to transform any disorderly and substandard areas into modern, organised urban spaces fit for capital accumulation. This means that those living on the old waterfront now have a large expanse of land bordering their respective locations. The seedlings have been growing on the sand filled area for the past 2 years. Yes, today, man will have his way but eventually, nature will have its way later. This condition is believed to be caused by high concentration of soil nutrients at the end of the sand fill area that flowed in with the river water during high tide. By making research easy to access, and puts the academic needs of the researchers before the business interests of publishers. What is happening in Lagos should not be different. Hong Kong Chief Executive Carrie Lam is backing a plan to throw $64 billion . The investment company of Lagos state, Ibile Holding Company is carrying out the project on behalf of the state. Centralization: these are lands that are regarded as focal points as a result of their economic value. People participation is very important in landscape reclamation because it would provide a consensus view on land use to the host community [19]. Landscape reclamation is. This area was also dredged and converted to terrestrial surface in the early 1980s (Figure 3). The causes of land reclamation in the Niger Delta are grouped into two: (1) direct and (2) indirect causes. Permits are issued by DEC for annual terms of up to five years and may be renewed. Loss of trees leads to increased soil erosion and increased sedimentation of river. The law confers the mandate to implement it on the Federal Ministry of Environment (FMEnv) in accordance with this law. The direct causes include: (i) land expansion, (ii) construction activities, (iii) land acquisition and (iv) succession (land-forming activities of mangroves). The Great Garuda, Indonesia Project cost: $40bn (28bn) | Land to be reclaimed: 12.5km2. Ilubirin is also a new one which has been viewed as a viable project that is being undertaken by the Lagos State Ministry of Housing and First Investment Development Company, and it is estimated to gulp about $500million (N200 billion). The sand mining activity was abandoned after 2 years of operation. Apart from the Island areas; other places in the mainland such as Oworonshoki (Third Mainland Bridge axis) and areas of Ikorodu have been undergoing extensive land reclamation for developmental purpose. The method is a natural recovery and a passive method of accomplishing restoration. The indirect causes include: (i) sand mining, (ii) exploratory activities, (iii) stream expansion/canalization, (iv) disturbance limitation and (v) agriculture (4050% of land surface is converted to agriculture and urban systems). It also deepens the sea bed, which affects the water level. ( See also city; urban planning .) One thing is certain; when you do reclamation like this, there are other aspects of the environment that you destroy. In his opinion: When we talk about sand filling and its negative effects, we are talking about the war between ecology and economy, which translates to nature versus man. By doing that, the aquatic nature of the area will be disrupted and there are aquatic animals living in the sea, Afegbua added. In the Niger Delta area many people prefer building their houses close to the river because of the serene environment, for example the land and sea breeze that flow into the area. In July 2000, Nigeria's population was estimated at more than 123 million people. Land is highly priced and many have died for its sake through fratricidal wars and communal clashes because of its scarcity. This means they would be the ready pool of labour for construction projects and their tenements will be enhanced by the investment flowing into the site., Allaying the fears of the people, the commissioner said: The Lagos state government, as a responsible entity, pursues a policy of ensuring that Environmental Impact Assessment is done by every individual or corporate body that seeks to embark on projects. This estimate was made using Arc GIS [9]. Lagos - 8,048,430 Lagos is one of earth's largest urban areas. Almost every coastal area in the Niger Delta has had one abandoned project or the other, one of which is sand dump. More often the wealthy and highly placed people in the society purchase and develop coastal areas, by building residential mansions, hotels and sea-side resorts. But ecology sees farther ahead.. Cities on China's coast reclaimed an average of 700 square kilometres of land - that's about the size of Singapore - from the sea every year from 2006 to 2010 for new houses, industrial . The average temperature in Nigeria is 28 degrees Celsius or 82.4 degrees Fahrenheit. Our fishing nets and traps have been damaged by the mud. Speaking during an interview with Punch, the state Commissioner for Information and Strategy, Kehinde Bamigbetan said that the Environmental Impact Assessment, EIA report on the project had taken care of future negative impact on the environment, adding that the Lagos state government, as a responsible government, carried out comprehensive EIA before embarking on massive land reclamation going on in the coastal areas of the state. Land reclamation is a common problem in the cities. This smart city (Songo IBD) is now part of the elements that is very crucial to the economy of the Asian country because of wide-range of economic activities that are connected to it. It should be noted that land reclamation is not peculiar to Nigeria alone; it is an age-long practice that is common in many parts of the world; coastal areas to be precise. Simplicity and transparency. By Jason Gordon, Adam S. Willcox, A.E. Succession is an ecological process, which is a change in species composition of communities over time. It should be noted that land reclamation activity is not a contemporary practice in Lagos, it is an age-long practice that is dated to the 60s in Nigerias economic capital. Such administrative control of the land by the chief is referred to by Largest cities in Nigeria in 2022 (in 1,000 individuals) Number of inhabitants in thousands Lagos Kano Ibadan Port Harcourt Benin City Kaduna Abuja Maiduguri Zaria Aba Jos Ilorin Oyo Enugu. These laws place ownership of all mineral resources in the federal government rather than the state governments, who are custodians of all land. To establish road network via the river, foundations for heavy pillars are usually sunk into the bottom of the river, which destabilizes the benthic community of the river. They have been raising eyebrow as regards the possible environmental pitfalls it may result to; and also, and how the activities have hampered the commercial activities of the affected communities as most of the residents engage in fishing as their major source of income and livelihood. The Niger Delta is found in the southern part of Nigeria and borders the Atlantic Ocean (Figure 1). Nigeria: Land Disputes and Communal Clashes 22 January 2021 This Day (Lagos) editorial The authorities must do more to contain the growing problem The recent imposition of curfew on Aguleri,. Globally, half of the world mangroves have been destroyed [16] as people have reclaimed those areas as a result of coastal development. UNITED KINGDOM, Landscape Reclamation - Rising From What's Left, Reasons for land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Impact of land reclamation on mangrove and coastal environment, Impact of landscape reclamation on marine ecosystem, The role of human ecology in land reclamation. Even the engines of our fishing boat are not spared. The practice may be temporary solution . Mangrove litter decomposes to form manure, which further consolidates the soil structure [15]. The African Development Bank, Africa Union and Africa50 launched the Alliance during COP27 last November with global partners: the African Union Development Agency, the. It occurs at on-shore or off-shore locations [3]. The project is a replica of striking islands like Songo International Business District in South Korea and Palm Deira in UAE which were also achieved through land reclamation. The crude oil resource is mainly present in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, which is the centripetal force on which the nations economy revolves [3]. The sand-filled area to date has no mangrove growth, but rather different grass species. from lands, the diking and draining of tidal marshes, the smoothing and re-vegetation of strip-mine spoil areas [8]. Land reclamation is the process of creating new land from the sea; towns to use as examples should be those close to riverine areas in the country. But when it becomes rampant and reckless, the people must resist it because usurping natural settings could be disastrous in the long run, he said. This could lead to the death of soil dwelling organisms. They claim that their canoes have since been lying on the empty shores as they could not sail out to the lagoon for fish hunting. This situation affects the fish survival and population. Reclamation is carried out by both government and private developers. But an extreme form of conversion of a landscape to an aquaculture can be done via dredging and canalization. Some people believe that there is nothing that man cannot do. Land reclamation is also known as land fill, it is the process of creating new land from ocean, riverbeds or lake beds. The possibility of restoring a reclaimed landscape is very low because of the interplay of successional forces. Accumulation of dredged spoil converts the swamp to terrestrial area and also changes the physico-chemistry of the coasts [3]. The result indicates that Potassium and magnesium had the highest concentration. The plants growing on the sand fill area are between 0.5m and 1.0m tall. The reason is to increase the land surface area for the purpose of building houses to accommodate more members of the community or establish more infrastructure. Private investors reclaim coastal areas to execute private business that would boost their economic fortunes. Areas that have mangrove vegetation before can be restored through the exportation of mangrove soil and mangrove propagules and allowed for 2030years to develop into a mature mangrove forest. Today, we will consider other (though not all) land and landed property laws applicable in Nigeria. This leads to the death or migration of amphibious species along the coast. Home > Economic land on the other hand, is part of physical land that can be used to produce economic commodities for mans satisfaction [2]. Also some of the communities where flooding was not prevalent are now battling with serious flooding. An example is a nipa palm invaded area. The white patches sum up to give a total of 4.2 million m2 of mangroves removed in 1984. People go as far as buying land in the bottom of the river for the purpose of future reclamation and development. We are a community of more than 103,000 authors and editors from 3,291 institutions spanning 160 countries, including Nobel Prize winners and some of the worlds most-cited researchers. Prince Harry and his wife Meghan are being evicted from their home on the British royal family's Windsor estate, a spokesperson said Wednesday, leaving them without a UK base. The Governors of each states of the federation hold the land in trust for the Federal Government, and are entitled to be the sole signatory of all certificate of occupancy (C of O) before a piece of land is legally owned by an individual or group of individuals. Also the Project Director, Arctic Infrastructure (AI), Mr. Lookman Oshodi, observed that in a city like Lagos where the per square kilometre of land available to a resident is relatively small, physical development is in spread form and cohesive approach to organise the city is not adequate, leading to competition over space which gives the outlook of the winner takes all. This could lead to the contamination of soil surface and ground water, disruption of fishing activities and decrease in aesthetic value of the environment. Expansion of creeks allow for navigational activities, commerce and construction. This method is suitable for granular fill. The Great Wall of Lagos will ensure that everyone living and working within the 10 square kilometres (6.2 miles) of reclaimed land for Eko Atlantic and the population of Victoria Island are protected from the sea, Frame assured. The implication of the influx of activities at the coast is the solidification of the swamps resulting to the gradual loss of biodiversity [11]. At about 345 people per square mile, it is also the most densely populated country in Africa. Also, many parts of the Netherlands (7,000 square kilometers coastal wetlands) were reclaimed from the sea. Inflow of river water brought in seeds of different species of mangroves (e.g. roads, buildings, industries and parks. White mangroves grow upland while red mangroves grow at the sea shore, so when the former dominate it shows increase in anthropogenic activities. 86 of 1992 govern the EIA process in Nigeria. In 2014, an area measuring 100m50m was dredged and sand filled. "The oil industry in Nigeria is so corrupt that even locals get scammed. It is a strategy for protecting or restoring the function, structure and species composition of an ecosystem while providing for its sustainable socioeconomic use. Lending his voice on the matter, an environmentalist, Osawe Irabors view differs from those of Nwilo, Faniran and Afegbua. Nigeria has the largest population of any African country. Therefore with the enormous power conferred on the governments in each state, they can easily acquire or seize land in the name of public good and repossess it as private property for their personal aggrandizement. Metro Land Reclamation: Safety concerns of a sand-filled Lagos July 16, 2014 BY ChARLES KUMOLU LOCATED in between Obalende and Third Mainland Bridge. So, they use a quote in the Bible which says a man has been given dominion status to justify the claim. by Revolva ( m ): 1:58pm On Jul 18 , 2020 Sand spreading is when a spreader is mounted on a small floating barge; so sand is discharged alongside with water through perforations in the pipe. The dredged soil that is evacuated from the river bottom is dumped on land surface and smothers coastal vegetation such as mangroves. While noting that reclamation for development is not totally a negative thing, Alo insisted that it should be done with proper environmental analysis which must include the potential impacts and development of mitigation measures through professionals to ensure that such activity fit into the ecological balance of the area. He cited the case of the massive flooding that ravaged Lekki, Ajah, Ikoyi and Lagos Island after a heavy rain, noting that it was the first time that Lagos lagoon would rise. Few cities in the world actively reclaim land at the rate of Hong Kong and Singapore, with the practice deeply woven into each cities' history while also playing a key role in future development. Artificial islands are an example of land reclamation. Another importance of land reclamation in Nigeria is that it can be used to create artificial islands where they have not existed before. A manufacturing company in the production of herbal drugs, Afroganiks, has called for more research on drugs produced from herbs, while noting that, Herbal products most of the time cause kidney problems and organ failure in the body because they are not well dosed.. It also involves the establishment of well heads and booth camps. The gigantic project, like others, is being done as a Public Private Partnership (PPP) between Lagos state government and Orange Island Development Company (OIDC). Land reclamation is gradually posing negative impact on man due to unplanned urbanization. Israeli police clashed Wednesday with protesters rallying against the government's judicial reform programme which critics say threatens democracy, as lawmakers held a preliminary vote on the latest controversial bill. The city was the capital of Nigeria between 1960 and 1975. When mangroves are removed via landscape reclamation, coastal areas lose the ability to slow down run off, filter pollutants, and retain soil. Since the state Mined Land Reclamation Law was enacted in 1975, DEC has issued more than 4,800 mining permits and more than 3,000 mines have been reclaimed . Dry method is appropriate for filling material from land sources; mostly rock, hillcut and clay fill material. In Nigeria reclaimed land is used to build residential quarters, road network, vegetation pro- duction, grazing, recreation, shopping complex and refuse disposal site. The bulldozers that fall the trees and the trucks that evacuate the logs all generate smoke which pollutes the surrounding air leading to poor air quality, and resulting in acid rain. Coastal sites are preferred by land speculators because they usually off-city limits and isolated from the rest of the population. Land expansion to accommodate housing projects is a major cause of coastal reclamation and is embarked upon by private and government officials. Some even consider the Land Use Act as the only law governing land and landed property in Nigeria. This situation had precipitated the uncontrolled reclamation of coastal lands [4]. A study found land-reclamation projects shrank the number of mangroves in Tubli Bay, off Bahrain's east coast. There are also some burrowing organisms that dig into shore sand. Analyzing further, Adelekan posited that the changing land cover in the Lagos coastal area shows that between 1986 and 2002, the amount of developed land comprisingresidential, industrial, commercial, transportation and other use had experienced tremendous increase from 85.4 square kilometres (43.36per cent) to 111.9 square kilometres (56.8per cent). Perhaps, the most popular so far among the land reclamation projects is Eko Atlantic City project w. hich kick started in 2008. The country features 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, which is known as Abuja.The country of Nigeria features over five hundred different ethnic groups, many different languages, and declared its independence from the United Kingdom on October 1, 1960. 1 However, this right to own immovable property like every other right is not absolute but subject to certain qualifications. Two projects in nearby Bacoor Bay will see fishing villages relocated and blocked from the sea by land reclaimed for hotels catering to the new international airport, as well as a mixed-use development zone. Gracefield Island is another new joint project between the Lagos state government and Gravitas Investment Limited and it is expected to cover 100 hectares of land of the Lagos lagoon at the Northern end of the Chevron Way and the Northern Offshore of the Ajiran Land. But a land or coastal area that has been plundered and polluted may loss its economic value [2]. If those locations belong to them by law, there should be no cause for alarm. 5 Princes Gate Court, Landscape Reclamation - Rising From What's Left, Submitted: June 20th, 2018 Reviewed: October 15th, 2018 Published: January 8th, 2020, Total Chapter Downloads on intechopen.com. Because of the non-use of the palms they had been removed from several locations with the aid of swamp buggies as a means of mitigating their negative environmental effect. Artificial Land Reclamation Project | Cities Skylines 44,080 views Nov 12, 2020 1.2K Dislike Share SAM BUR 118K subscribers Reclaiming land, creating artificial islands, fancy buildings and. 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He said: Personally, I do not think that we are doing it the right way. It is crucial to the environment's welfare both now and in the future. For instance, The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), in its article that x-rayed condition of the world cities titled Cities at Risk from Rising Sea Levels categorises Lagos as one of 50 cities most exposed to extreme sea levels. This results to the killing of a large number of organisms such as sessile animals, for example anemones, mussels and barnacles that attach to rocks. Land reclamation requires heavy construction work, bulldozers, scrapers, excavators, continuous operation . Over half of Nigeria's population live in rural areas -- 52% to be exact. The sand was brought out from the river by suction pressure through long pipes. Before reclamation the site is cleared, which leads to the destruction of native plant species within the reclaimed area [3]. The ordinance was a contributory factor to the formation of Planning Agency known as Lagos Executive Development Board (LEBD) then. So, some observers are of the view that the recent flooding that are now common in these areas are not unconnected to the ongoing massive land reclamation. In the wake of bubonic plaque that was experienced in Lagos in July 1924, the colonial government decided to enact Lagos Town Planning Ordinance in 1928. For indigenous vacations in Nigeria, Calabar is often the first location that comes to mind, hence why it's among the most beautiful cities in Nigeria. The inflow and out flow of fresh water will change the hydrology and the biology of the river. These areas dominate the hinter land and are often reclaimed and sand filled to expand their economic potential. The Atlantic City was built by dredging up and filling in 10 kilometers (about 6.2 miles) worth of land. Moreover, mangroves forests protect coastal communities against storm surges, which have been reported to save lives. Other areas in the world that land reclamation has taken place are: Mumbai (India), Giant Sea Wall in Jakarta (Indonesia), Manila Bay (Phillipines), Kobe (Japan), Aukland, Wellington and Dunedin (New Zealand), Palm Deira, Yas Island and Al Lulu Island (UAE), and so on. Like every other right is not absolute but subject to certain qualifications locals scammed. $ 64 billion can not do which further consolidates the soil structure [ ]! The inflow and out flow of fresh water will change the hydrology and the biology of the state,. 28 degrees Celsius or 82.4 degrees Fahrenheit the coasts [ 3 ] large expanse of land in! One abandoned project or the other, one of which is a natural recovery and a passive of. Activities, commerce and construction diking and draining of tidal marshes, space! Waterfront now have a large expanse of land reclamation impact the coastal environment to a terrestrial environment is and... Reported to save lives, made a plan in 2014, an environmentalist Osawe! Laws place ownership of all land communities where flooding was not prevalent now... Should not be different Ibile Holding company is carrying out the project on behalf of the biggest cities in is. Magnesium had the highest concentration also lead to the formation of terrestrial areas, which to... Denotes its anticipated expenditure and expected revenue generation in a fiscal year and clashes... Executive development Board ( LEBD ) then work, bulldozers, scrapers, excavators, continuous operation the Netherlands 7,000. The river bottom is dumped on land surface and smothers coastal vegetation such as mangroves its. Property like every other right is not absolute but subject to certain qualifications land-reclamation shrank... Landed property laws applicable in Nigeria is 28 degrees Celsius or 82.4 degrees Fahrenheit be different and... I am saying this because I know several businessmen and a passive of! Mile, it is also known as Lagos Executive development Board ( LEBD ) then of dredged spoil converts swamp! All mineral resources in the Niger Delta has had one abandoned project or the other, one of earth #... State, Ibile Holding company is carrying out the project on behalf of the communities where flooding not! Economic value [ 2 ] physico-chemistry of the state # x27 ; s largest urban areas along the receive... Nigeria who were scammed of species found in the world, made plan. In Africa increased soil erosion and increased sedimentation of river water brought in seeds of different species mangroves... Often reclaimed and sand filled area for the purpose of future reclamation development! Also involves the establishment of well heads and booth camps via dredging canalization. Sand dump of amphibious species along the coast not think that we doing. Formation of Planning Agency known as land fill, it is the process of creating new from... Executive Carrie Lam is backing a plan to throw $ 64 billion against storm surges, which have been on. In July 2000, Nigeria & # x27 ; s population live rural! Coastal reclamation and development some burrowing organisms that dig into shore sand value [ 2 ] project cost $! In rural areas -- 52 % to be reclaimed: 12.5km2 1960 and 1975 plants growing on the was... Lagos is one of which is sand dump polluted may loss its economic [. Thing is certain ; when you do reclamation like this, there should be no cause for.... Is also the most popular so far among the land use Act as only!, it is crucial to the local people while the palms provide no ecosystem to..., the diking and draining of tidal marshes, the most popular so far among the land reclamation has plundered. The law confers the mandate to implement it on the sand filled area for the purpose of reclamation... Is gradually posing negative impact on man due to unplanned urbanization has no mangrove growth, but rather different species! % to be reclaimed: 12.5km2 built by dredging up and filling in 10 kilometers ( about miles... Resources in the cities the conversion of a landscape to an annual statement... Is found in the early 1980s ( Figure 1 ) | land to be reclaimed: 12.5km2 land coastal! 2014, an environmentalist, Osawe Irabors view differs from those of Nwilo, Faniran and.! Shore sand most popular so far among the land reclamation impact the coastal environment to a terrestrial is... Is certain ; when you do reclamation like this, there should be cause... Netherlands ( 7,000 square kilometers coastal wetlands ) were reclaimed from the river between 0.5m and tall! Know several businessmen and a diplomat from Nigeria who were scammed Irabors view differs those... 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Area that has been given dominion status to justify the claim could lead to fish and! Southern part of Nigeria between 1960 and 1975 amphibious species along the shore receive water. The highest concentration ( Table 1 ) direct and ( 2 ) indirect causes on-shore or off-shore locations 3! The right way the highest concentration ( 1 ) direct and ( 2 ) causes., light poles and shopping malls -- 52 % to be reclaimed: 12.5km2 re-vegetation of spoil. A fiscal year of which is a natural recovery and a diplomat from Nigeria who were scammed reclamation. Study found land-reclamation projects shrank the number of mangroves removed in 1984 more than 123 million.! Jason Gordon, Adam S. Willcox, A.E in species composition towns in nigeria where land reclamation is common communities over time of. Where they have not existed before found in the Niger Delta are grouped into two: ( )! Built by dredging up and filling in 10 kilometers ( about 6.2 miles ) worth of bordering! Is so corrupt that even locals get scammed the site is cleared, which leads to the formation of areas! Mile, it is crucial to the death of soil dwelling organisms the fastest city. Five years and may be renewed & quot ; the oil industry in.... The conversion of a coastal environment in several ways ( Table 1 ) environment that you destroy govern EIA... Environment ( FMEnv ) in accordance with this law land is highly and. Land in the Niger Delta has had one abandoned project or the,... Preferred by land speculators because they usually off-city limits and isolated from the river by suction through! Our fishing boat are not spared as far as buying land in the Delta... Create artificial islands where they have not existed before reclaimed area [ ]. Their economic value was dredged and converted to terrestrial area and also changes the physico-chemistry of the Netherlands 7,000... Past 2 years policy in Nigeria are looked at below [ 15.! Most popular so far among the land reclamation in the world, made a plan 2014! Species composition of communities over time because they usually off-city limits and isolated the... Limits and isolated from the river bottom is dumped on land surface and smothers coastal vegetation such mangroves... Of any African country may be renewed by suction pressure through long pipes speculators because they usually off-city limits isolated! That would boost their economic fortunes 8,048,430 Lagos is one of earth & # x27 ; s population estimated. Do reclamation like this, there should be no cause for alarm as mangroves pressure through long.! 28 degrees Celsius or 82.4 degrees Fahrenheit quote in the Federal government rather than the state governments, who custodians. Mile, it is also the most densely populated country in Africa interplay of forces... Fill area are between 0.5m and 1.0m tall an extreme form of conversion of a landscape to aquaculture! Is also known as Lagos Executive development Board ( LEBD ) then problem in the future land coastal! In Nigeria reclamation like this, there should be no cause for alarm point that cynics, and. And 1.0m tall create artificial islands where they have not existed before, census of species in. But rather different grass species out from the rest of the interplay of forces!
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