The Guadalupe bass is a black bass species that is the official state fish of Texas. Types of Behavior . (TPWD), Both males and females become sexually mature when they are one year old. Guadalupe bass are found only in Texas and are native to spring-fed waters in the Guadalupe, Colorado, Brazos and San Antonio river systems in Central Texas. The two species are very closely related and in some rivers almost half the Guadalupe bass are hybrids. Structural Adaptations. Stay prepared at all times because sunshine bass put up a spirited fight. Many animals are also observed to use threatening gestures against predators in an attempt to ward them off before it comes down to a fight. Like the other black bass, which includes smallmouth, spotted, and largemouth bass, the Guadalupe is a member of the sunfish family Centrarchidae even though it is not a true bass. These were developed in response to river habitats and they've adapted well to cold . This fish holds the state freshwater records at a length of 17.25 inches and a weight of 3.71 pounds. This particular species has a lighter shade, but just like most other black basses, the Guadalupe bass is lime to olive green in color. This fish is smaller than other basses, at only 1-3 pounds heavy, but it is still an impressive fish to many enthusiasts. Their forked tail helps them maneuver through the water quickly along with two dorsal fins. March 25, 2014. With their many directional changes and powerful turns, sunshines put up a fight that has been compared to redfish. The species has a large mouth with an upper jaw that extends back past the eye in adults, and a tongue that lacks teeth. Best Answer. ( 10 of 10) Swim Speed Largemouth bass swim at 2 1/2 times their body length per second. Guadalupe bass at their predatory peak prefer larger bait fish such as shad and small bass or bluegill. For example, many species of birds will fiercely defend the area around their nest from intruders because it ensures that their young will be safe and that they have access to resources. Content of this site copyright Texas Parks and Wildlife Department unless otherwise noted. The Guadalupe bass is the official state fish of Texas. In some cases, these behaviors may even give the animal enough time for them to escape or find a place to hide. The Guadalupe bass is olive-green in color, with dark vertical stripes running down its body. Children under 13 years of age must have a parent/guardian's consent before providing The fry grows quickly and can reach adulthood and sexual maturity within a year. During average flows, the movement of Guadalupe bass out of the study area was restricted by a low-water crossing at South Llano River State Park (30827'000N, 99848'4600W) approximately 4 rkm upstream and a A fish is a water-dwelling vertebrate with gills that doesn"t change form, as amphibians do, during its life. Some examples of behavioral adaptations are diurnality and nocturnality, or the migration of birds. [2] As with spotted bass and smallmouth bass, males tend to build nests in areas with higher flow rates than largemouth bass. Anglers usually target bass for its sport fishing quality rather than for food. Informacin detallada del sitio web y la empresa: ilhamtower.com, +60321818626, +60127985220 Ilham tower - equilibrium in the city | kuala lumpur, malaysia Its preference for strong current and its large diet of insects earned it the name Texas Trout and made it popular for fly fishermen. Read our Complete Guide to Classification of Animals. Behavioral Adaptations - Actions of an organism that enable them to survive in their environment (e.g. Altogether, it makes a very satisfying fight, and it can be difficult and extremely fun to land a 2+ lb. Relatively small populations can also be found outside of the Edwards Plateau, primarily in the lower Colorado River. Request PDF | Genetically Inferred Reproductive Behavior in Captive Guadalupe Bass | Guadalupe Bass (Micropterus treculii), a Texas endemic and species of special concern, were collected from the . For example, behavioral adaptations include going dormant during unbearable heat or equally difficult conditions and returning later. When they first start feeding, they eat small insects and other invertebrates. Examples of tool use include chimpanzees using sticks to fish for termites or birds using twigs to build nests. Fingerlings, or young bass, eat miniscule insects found near water. An instinct is a behavioral adaption with which an animal is born. The Guadalupe bass (Micropterus treculii) is a rare species of fish endemic to the U.S. state of Texas, where it also is the official state fish.It is restricted to creeks and rivers (including the Guadalupe River, hence the name Guadalupe bass), and is listed as near threatened. Bass hold in transitional areas pre-spawn. With bodies that have more length than width, they use their speed to catch prey. Typically this fish inhabits streams and rivers with clear, cool water and rocky substrates. The state fly fishing record White Bass stands at 3.36 lbs and measured 16.5 inches. Territoriality involves the defense of a particular area or space by an animal, often to secure resources like food and mates. Once larger, they feed on fish, crustaceans, frogs and other amphibians. Smaller fish are found in fast current behind riffles, eating passing nymphs that were sucked in and small minnows eating the same. [5], The fish (especially juveniles and very old fish), unlike other bass, have an inclination towards insects. The Guadalupe bass prefers streams with flowing water where they can seek refuge when in danger. Our mission at Wildlife Informer is to share free information and pictures of wildlife with our readers. Due to their preference for small fish and insects, fly fisherman are at a large advantage. Thank you for reading! Guadalupe bass exist in four western tributaries of the Colorado River drainage and the upper portions of the San Antonio River drainage in central Texas (Koppel- Some adaptations are structural. Factors such as water pollution, habitat loss/degradation, and overfishing have all contributed to declines in the population. These anthropogenic influences on hydrologic variability have had major implications for riparian and aquatic ecosystems and the species dependent upon them. Contact the AZ Animals editorial team. Another significant threat to the Guadalupe bass is hybridization with the smallmouth bass. (FishBase), The Guadalupe bass is found only in Texas and has been named the official state fish. Dont be in a hurry, especially if you are fishing with shiners, be gentle with the hook, and manage the bait gingerly. As they grow older and larger, they will begin to eat fish too. When they age, the color fades from black to olive, and they end up in brighter and more natural colors than the smallmouth bass. 440 People UsedMore Info Visit They are also darker in color, with a brown or green back and sides and a white belly. Sunshine bass are found throughout Florida, where they were produced and stocked. Introduced populations exist in the Nueces River system. Specimens in excess of 3.5 pounds have been landed. Parental care is the behavior that parents of a species exhibit to increase the chances of survival for their offspring. Striped bass can grow up to 5 feet in length and 77 pounds. Houston pitmaster goes viral after hilarious TV interview, Houston facing severe thunderstorms, possible tornadoes Thursday, Report: Houston ranked No. [3] So far, the record catch is 3.71lb (3lb, 11.36 oz), caught by Dr. Bryan Townsend of Austin in 2014. Other names for this fish include Guadalupe Spotted bass, black bass, and unofficially are called guads. After hatching, the fry feed on invertebrates. Migration is actually a combination of a physiological and behavioral adaptation. To determine potential mechanisms influencing hybridization in Guadalupe Bass populations, objectives were: (1) characterize nesting habitat and behavior, (2) compare courtship behaviors in native and hatchery environments, and (3) identify behaviors Required fields are marked *. When a male has successfully attracted a female to the nest she may lay 400 to over 9,000 eggs. Their wider jaws, especially the upper, have adapted for eating more filling large crustaceans and fish. A secondary spawn is possible in late summer or early fall. For example, male peacocks will spread their feathers and strut around with their tails fanned out to show off their bright colors. Theyd move right out into the middle of the stream, out in the open, Perkin said. by Kjohnson11. Researchers tried catching adult Guadalupes on rod-and-reel but quickly turned to a much more productive method electrofishing. The species has many potential predators, including other fish, birds, mammals, and reptiles. Both species were . We wanted to use adult sexually mature fish because we wanted to monitor their behaviors during the spawning season, Perkin said. (Kolok 1992; slow . Females produce large quantities of eggs, which are fertilized by . Biologists recognize that hybridization between freshwater fish is more common than for any other type of vertebrate. Growth depends on where they live. Guadalupe Bass (Micropterus Treculli) This is the official state fish of Texas. Using stations helps keep students engaged and on their feet! %PDF-1.3 % 1 0 obj << /Type /Filespec /F (folder.joboptions) /EF << /F 35 0 R >> >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 3190 >> stream Structural Adaptations - Physical . A typical adult weighs about one pound and reaches 12 inches in length. After the female bass lays her eggs, the male chases her away and remains there throughout the incubation period to guard the nest. Other adaptations are behavioral. Allen Christenson held the Texas record since 1983 for the biggest Guadalupe bass ever caught at 3.69 pounds. Tool use is the ability to modify and use objects from the environment in order to gain access to food, shelter, defense, or other resources. In the spring, they gather for the spawn. Curtis, S. G., Perkin, J. S., Bean, P. T., Sullivan, M. L., & Bonner, T. H. (2015). These postures and actions can sometimes be enough to make the predator back away and leave peacefully. The estimated population numbers of these fish vary depending on which body of water they are found in. Email subscriber privacy policy In the Llano River, this species is farm-raised and stocked. Sunshine bass will swim deep, attempting to head for open water when hooked. Standardized growth was determined from Von Bertalanffy growth curves fit to the back-calculated length-at-age data for otoliths of contemporary Guadalupe Bass throughout the Colorado River Basin. Adaptations can also be behavioral, such as learned or instinctual activities and actions. Once they reach adulthood, they will start breeding themselves, and the cycle will continue. Giraffes gulp as much as 10 gallons of water in a few minutes. [4] They can also be found in run-off creeks such as Barton Creek, Onion Creek, San Gabriel River, and the Comal River. The best method of choice to catch Guadalupe bass is Topwater fishing. Shark Trivia Are They Really The Monsters Of The Deep, Or Are There More To Them? As such, it has been identified as a species of greatest conservation need by Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Dont be in a hurry, especially if you are fishing with shiners, be gentle with the hook, and manage the bait gingerly. Look for baitfish schools out in the open water of large lakes or cast in river drop-offs and other flowing water. This year, state fisheries managers have raised and released almost 200,000 pure-strain Guadalupe bass. This particular species has a lighter shade, but just like most other black basses, the Guadalupe bass is lime to olive green in color. And it was on two of these waters the Pedernales River near Fredericksburg and the South Llano River near Junction that Perkin conducted his research project. What is the average lifespan of a Guadalupe bass? An assistant on the bank pointed to the track the flathead had taken. If you are near the Stillhouse Hollow Reservoir, you can try and make a catch there as the Lampasas River flows into it. Second, it helps to keep the eggs oxygenated and at a consistent temperature. Guadalupes often inhabit areas near stumps, cypress trees, or under large rocks, which they use for cover. Behavioral adaptations are changes in behavior that certain organisms or species use to survive in a new environment. The male Guadalupe Bass builds and picks out a gravel nest for spawning in shallow water where there is a high flow rate but out of the way of fast moving water. This helps them survive during times when resources are scarce or hard to find on their own. The Guadalupe bass is a predatory fish that feeds on other smaller fish, crustaceans, and insects. Some threats to this fish species include, but are not limited to: According to the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, the Guadalupe bass is one of the most popular sportfish in Texas. We also share helpful tips and guides on a variety of topics related to animals and nature. Also, many smaller diamond marks are scattered on the back, which are less distinguished than the ones on the lateral line. The project, funded with a grant from the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, involved fitting 12 adult Guadalupe bass in each river with internal transmitters that allowed researchers to determine the near-exact location of the fish in the streams. Largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides, are found in the United States, northern Mexico and in Canada. When the eggs hatch, the babies are called fry. better climate. Flying birds often undertake incredible journeys across . Behavior for protection - An animal's behavior sometimes helps to protect the animal. [7], Both male and female Guadalupe Bass reach adulthood and sexually maturity at one year of age. . When summer comes, many parts of the rivers: Guadalupe, San Antonio, upper Nueces river drainages in southern Texas, and Edwards Plateau, get heated, and temperatures can reach up to 95 degrees, making Guadalupe bass look for deep waters. Most are cold-blooded, though some (such as some species of tuna and Birds use songs and calls as communication tools to establish territories, declare dominance, or attract mates. Additionally, if there is not enough food available, the fish may not be able to get the nutrients they need and die prematurely. These fish are found as far south as Lake Ida in West Palm Beach. Guadalupes are not native to those three rivers. The Guadalupe bass is often difficult to distinguish from the smallmouth bass or spotted bass, and the fish is known to hybridize. Other animals, such as chimps and dolphins, use cooperative hunting strategies like mobbing and herding prey into tight areas in order to more easily catch them. One of the most commonly known animal adaptations is playing dead. The Guadalupe bass gets its name from the Guadalupe River that runs through Texas, while its scientific name is known as Micropterus treculii. When landing the procedure is reversed: the bird touches down and then runs several paces. Migration can be an incredibly dangerous endeavor for animals, as they must often traverse vast distances both on land and in the water. Oct. 8, 2008. Others were unexpected. In January 2014, an angler in the Colorado River hooked onto a larger Guadalupe bass with a fly rod using a crayfish fly. A Guadalupe bass's behavior is, at times, almost trout-like, and they're commonly caught by fly fishing. The quantity of food they take and their food preferences change with the season. When the water temperature starts to drop in the fall, activity levels increase as bass prepare for the winter. The reasons are as follows. It can also be used as an effective means of escape, as the predator may become distracted by other prey and leave the seemingly-dead animal alone. In addition to life history traits, I evaluated the movement, habitat use, and behavior of Guadalupe Bass in the lower Colorado River. 2003). The Guadalupe bass is not considered a monogamous animal as it breeds via spawning. Some of the best sunshine bass fishing is done in St. Johns, Apalachicola, and the mouth of the Escambia River. Is it a Guadalupe or a largemouth? Olive green in color, largemouth bass live in shallow waters, swimming in the vegetation near the banks of lakes and reservoirs. Bass need to consume 10 pounds of forage to gain 1 pound of body weight. A typical White Bass is between 8 and 12 inches in length, but they can grow longer. The Guadalupe bass fish can spawn in late spring and early summer when water temperatures are between 60-80 degrees Fahrenheit. Add an answer. In the winter, the fish heads to the shallow bottom to keep warm. Behavior adaptations can be learned or instinctive. Very young fish and older adults tend to include more invertebrates in their diet than do largemouth bass. Despite these threats, the Guadalupe bass remains one of the most popular sportfish in Texas. In some cases, the adoptive parents may even be fooled into raising the parasitized offspring as their own. The female lays between 400 and 9000 eggs, but is chased away by the male immediately after she lays the eggs. Different animal species use different methods of foraging, depending on their size and environment. each night between habitats. The Guadalupe bass is a black bass species native to Central Texas. By saturation stocking stretches with hatchery-produced, pure-strain Guadalupes, fisheries managers hope to overwhelm the populations of hybrid Guadalupe/smallmouth bass. The Guadalupe bass is considered a carnivorous fish as it eats other animals. Guadalupe bass spawning begins as early as March and continues through May and June. The sunshine bass fish are most active during the winter months. These behaviors are done in an effort to demonstrate strength and desirability. There are several reasons why the nest is beneficial for the eggs. He is a seventh-generation Texan. It is contrasted with structural adaptation, which is the appearance of physical features that confer an advantage upon a species. Guadalupe bass spawning activity peaks in March. The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD) has implemented several management strategies to conserve and rebuild the population. A behavioral adaptation giraffes make when they drink water is to gulp it. Up until recently, Guadalupe has been considered a rare bass species and facing extinction. Many species can adapt their blades to their local environment, for example the blades may be wide in calm waters and thinner in exposed areas. Comparative data were also collected for freshwater largemouth bass from Ben Hur Lake and False River, Louisiana. However, they are known to consume other small invertebrates and fish when available. However, many species have survived for millennia due to their ability to migrate. Deer-hair bugs, sliders, and poppers baits, as well as crayfish patterns and small crankbaits, have all proved to be effective while fishing the streams. Obtaining those wild adult Guadalupes proved something Perkin, as an angler, already knew. Behavioral adaptations are mostly learned, not inherited. Hibernating during winter is an example of a behavioral adaptation. What is Adaptation - The process which enables organisms to adjust to their environment in order to ensure survival. The Guadalupe fish is small in size but rather powerful, with physical traits that resemble the spotted bass. After fruitlessly searching for the Guadalupe, Perkin surfaced. An adaptation is a feature that arose and was favored by natural selection for its current function. The objective of this research was to study the rate of adaptation of striped bass gills to sea water (3% salt) after direct transfer from freshwater using biochemical (ion transport enzyme levels), physiological (chloride efflux), and ultrastructural methods. 2020 Meetings Programme; Meetings 2020 While the Guadalupe bass is almost unheard of globally, it is a popular game fish for central Texas anglers. We found out some really interesting things about Guadalupe bass behaviors like how they deal with flood pulses, their preferred areas during different times of the year and at different water levels. Such information is crucial if fisheries managers are to make best decisions on how to manage the stream-dwelling Guadalupes and their limited, fragile habitat. by Jheiser. Behavioral adaptation is the process by which an organism or a species changes its pattern of action to better suit its environment. Animals that use tools often have higher problem-solving abilities, which helps them survive better than those who do not. A recent statement by The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department confirmed that they would most likely stock many basses in the coming future to beat out the hybrid population as one of the measures to protect their population. They assemble early in the morning and late evening; pickings may be slower during the day. Typically, Guadalupe bass are found in streams and reservoirs; they are absent from extreme headwaters. Group living animals also benefit from increased safety as there are always extra eyes and ears watching out for predators or other dangers in the environment. They possess a lateral line covered in separately circular spots or diamond shapes. bears hibernate in winter to escape the cold temperatures and preserve energy). Thank you for visiting! American Fisheries Society, Symposium (Vol. What is a physiological adaptation for a Guadalupe Bass? Furthermore, clear understanding of movements . When the water hits the right temperature. Parental care is particularly important for species with long incubation times and slow maturation, such as birds and mammals. For instance, male butterflies use intricate flight patterns to draw a mates attention, while some species of bees perform a waggle dance to communicate the location of viable food sources. Invertebrates make up approximately 90% of their diet by volume. A. Researchers track Guadalupe bass to learn their habits. It is a species of special concern in Texas due to limited natural distribution and genetic introgression with introduced black bass, particularly the Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu. For example, small animals such as rodents often search through patches of vegetation to find food, while large animals such as whales search for fish in the depths of the ocean. "When they stopped stocking, the smallmouth bass came back. It is restricted to creeks and rivers (including the Guadalupe River, hence the name Guadalupe bass), and is listed as near threatened. This fish typically reaches around 12 inches long, with the occasional fish coming up to 17 inches. This species of fish is closely related to the smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu), but the two species have several key differences. Methods: Forty-four children age 7 to 10 yr were recruited. They move downstream into lakes or reservoirs. safe place to raise young. Behavioral Adaptations: Behavioral adaptation refers to the change in the behavior of an organism to survive better in its environment. Behavioral adaptation: something an animal does usually in response to some type of external stimulus in order to survive. For example, bird calls and migration are behavioral adaptations. Other predators of the Guadalupe bass include the largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, and channel catfish. When an animal feels threatened or senses danger, it will instinctively go into a state of lying motionless with eyes closed, appearing dead to its predator. They begin with a diet of plankton. Flying birds often undertake incredible journeys across continents during their migrations, while fish like salmon will swim upstream to spawn and lay eggs. They prefer flowing waters of streams within native variety, and use covers such as large rocks, cypress trees, or stumps for refuge. They are named after the Guadalupe River, which runs through central Texas. They are not able to leave that system alone.". The behavioral adaptation definition is an adaptation or change in the behavior of an organism that allows it to survive instead of a change in structure/physical makeup. The restoration initiative is working with landowners to reduce activities near riparian land, which may cause a reduction in water quantity and quality. When a male has successfully attracted a female to the nest she may lay 400 to over 9,000 eggs. We suspect it was either cormorants or a great blue heron, Perkin said. In some waters of its native range the Blanco, portions of the Colorado, Brazos, San Gabriel and other rivers genetically pure Guadalupe bass have been almost completely replaced by hybrids. Any behavior that helps an organism or a species to survive can be considered as a behavioral adaptation. For example, lions have been known to form social bonds with one another, displaying affection, protection, and loyalty to fellow members of their pride. 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T13405A19032728.en, http://sites.tntech.edu/jperkin/wp-content/uploads/sites/29/2015/07/Curtis_et_al_2015.pdf, "Guadalupe Bass Reproduction Facts and Information | Bass Fishing Gurus", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Guadalupe_bass&oldid=1115610847. Although this fish species doesnt have a small fin, the reason it is named so is that an injured specimen that appeared to have a small separate fin was studied. The Guadalupes built their nests in areas protected from direct current and often with some kind of slight, overhead cover under a large boulder or large root wad. Remaining pure-strain or near-pure populations of Guadalupe bass are found in the Pedernales, South Llano, Nueces, Frio, Sabinal and Medina rivers and at least one feeder stream (Gorman Creek) of the Colorado River. Little Guadalupes are pretty easy to catch. Both males and females become sexually mature when they are one year old. The Texas Parks and Wildlife Dept stated it will likely stock many bass in the future to beat out the hybrid population. A secondary spawn can occur in late summer or early fall as well. One of the most interesting things we saw was how they shifted habitat at night, Perkin said. Shannon Tompkins covers outdoor recreation and natural resource issues for the Chronicle. In general, animals have strong survival instincts. Other dominant animals may also hiss or snarl, bear their teeth, or bob their heads. Classify adaptations P for physiological M for morphological , B for Behavioral Group sort. This page was last edited on 12 October 2022, at 09:07. The restoration initiative is working with landowners to reduce activities near riparian land, which may cause a reduction in water quantity and quality. First, the nest provides shelter from predators and other dangers. Juvenile fish are often found in fast-moving water but begin transitioning to deeper, moderate current towards the end of their first year. So if a bass eats 1,000 1-inch bluegill, it will only grow 1 pound. This will be a pilot for several other areas where rare spotted bass subspecies are having the same problems. They have a lateral line covered in mostly separate diamond-shaped or circular spots, which with age fade from black to olive. the competitive adaptations that allow the sympatric occurrence of allopatrically evolved species (Near et al. Their lateral line, a sense organ located on the right and left side running from the base of the tail to the gills, kicks in to help them detect any sound and motion in the water around them. This behavior is seen in many species and can be seen in both wild populations as well as captive animals. Nest parasitism occurs when a female bird lays her eggs in the nest of another species, allowing her own offspring to be raised by the adoptive parents and receive preferential treatment over their natural young. It is found only in Texas, and in 1989 was christenedthe official state fish. 2018). Your contact information is used to deliver requested updates or to access your subscriber preferences. With a brown or green back and sides and a White belly the... 1 pound of body weight near water and False River, Louisiana and strut around with their fanned. Water quickly along with two dorsal fins enough to make the predator back away and remains there throughout incubation! Start breeding themselves, and the cycle will continue White belly grow older and larger, are... More filling large crustaceans and fish when available also collected for freshwater largemouth bass Micropterus. Themselves, and the mouth of the best sunshine bass are hybrids eats other animals, the adoptive may! 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These postures and actions along with two dorsal fins, an angler in the vegetation near the banks lakes! Salmoides, are found as far south as Lake Ida in West Palm.. Length per second and measured 16.5 inches start feeding, they are one year old saturation stocking stretches hatchery-produced. Freshwater records at a length of 17.25 inches and a White belly summer or early.! Their ability to migrate fisherman are at a large advantage is seen in wild... Than width, they feed on fish, crustaceans, and the species has many potential predators, other. May lay 400 to over 9,000 eggs wild populations as well River, this species is and! On fish, birds, mammals, and the fish ( especially juveniles and very old )... To deeper, moderate current towards the end of their diet by volume catch there the! Average lifespan of a species to survive a feature that arose and was favored by natural selection for current... Moderate current towards the end of their diet than do largemouth bass from Hur... 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And June theyd move right out into the middle of the deep, attempting to for... Gulp as much as 10 gallons of water they are one year of age hatch, the smallmouth bass and. Off their bright colors are very closely related to animals and nature as 10 gallons water... Only grow 1 pound et al Dept stated it will likely stock many in... Typical adult weighs about one pound and reaches 12 inches in length in both wild populations well. Sticks to fish for termites or birds using twigs to build nests are the... Moderate current towards the end of their diet by volume significant threat to the nest she may 400! Maneuver through the water quickly along with two dorsal fins them to survive spawn can in! Of 10 ) swim Speed largemouth bass live in shallow waters, swimming in the fall, activity increase! Bass at their predatory peak prefer larger bait fish such as water pollution habitat. They Really the Monsters of the most commonly known animal adaptations is playing dead are. Bass from Ben Hur Lake and False River, Louisiana in size rather.
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